Utopia And The Tempest By William Shakespeare - 1368 Words

Utopia and The Tempest In Shakespeare is last play, the Tempest, originality is shown in the different settings and themes within the story. Within the Tempest, there is a world of imagination and illusion that challenges readers to look beyond reality and the world of non-existence, not existence. Through the play a utopia what can be found. It is something that many characters when they are on the island throughout. Within the tempest and Utopia, many differences and similarities between the social, political, and religious values on the island are shown through how the characters in both Utopia and The Tempest coexist with each other. Within â€Å"The Tempest† and â€Å"Utopia† many differences and similarities between the social, political and religious values on the island are shown through how the characters in both books as they coexist with each other. Utopia was written by Thomas More. More talks about the views that are produced from social and political conditions on the Island. Utopia was a society that had no wars, no hate, and no crimes, while the community remained happy and in check. A utopian society would not even exist if evil nature was brought into the society. Utopia is told in two different accounts, â€Å"it is dominated by Raphael’s account of the extraordinary island which he visited on his travels, so dominated in the fact that people sometimes discuss the work as if it consisted simply [in] Book Two† (More XV). From within Utopia, there was a thought thatShow MoreRelated Portrayal of Utopia in The Tempest by William Shakespeare Essay examples1227 Words   |  5 PagesUtopia in The Tempest In The Tempest, Shakespeare allows the audience to appreciate the possibilities of utopian society, the good, and bad, so that they can understand the problems that the pursuit of a utopian environment may cause. The Tempest is a window into the dimensions of utopian societies. Shakespeares play portrays the good and the evil sides of the perfect life. While his characters take on the role of the leaders of the utopian societies, Shakespeare portrays the socialRead More Utopia - The Impossibility of Perfection Essay example1686 Words   |  7 PagesUtopia - The Impossibility of Perfection The latter end of [this] commonwealth forgets the beginning. ?William Shakespeare, The Tempest From Platos The Republic to Karl Marxs Communist Manifesto, the search for a perfect social state has never stopped; its ultimate goal of achieving a human society that exists in absolute harmony with all due social justice, however, has proved to be woefully elusive. The pure concept of a utopia can be theoretically visualized as a perfect geometricRead More Portrayal of Utopia in The Tempest Essay example1652 Words   |  7 PagesPortrayal of Utopia in The Tempest      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Tempest, Shakespeare allows the audience to appreciate the possibilities of utopian society and whatever this may posses.   Being the good, and bad so that they can see that problems can arise in such a society. The Tempest can be thus seen as a window into the dimensions of utopian societies. While his characters take on the role of the leaders of the utopian societies, Shakespeare uses his creation to portray the social questions and beliefsRead MoreThe Tempest By William Shakespeare1705 Words   |  7 PagesLiterature Mr. Nath 5 December 2014 The Tempest Written between 1610 and 1611, The Tempest by William Shakespeare is the final play penned by the famous Bard. The play portrays the illusory struggle of power and conscience through the character of Prospero and his egocentric motives. Politically, the play can be seen as an analysis of important political issues relevant to that of oppression and imperialistic tendencies of the time. Artistically, The Tempest emphasizes the nature of art, more prominentlyRead MoreLord Of The Flies And The Tempest1303 Words   |  6 PagesExplore the struggle/desire/theme of power and how it is presented in ‘Lord of the Flies’ and ‘The Tempest’. In the novel ‘Lord of the Flies’ by William Golding and ‘The Tempest’ by William Shakespeare, power is a main theme throughout both texts. Both represent microcosm of outer society at the time the text was written. In Lord of the Flies it was a time when the world’s dominant countries were struggling for power over Germany which was known as the Cold war. The capitalist American’s wantedRead MoreThe Idea Of A Perfect Society, Or Utopia, By Sir Thomas More880 Words   |  4 PagesThe idea of a perfect society, or â€Å"utopia,† was first introduced in Sir Thomas More’s book Utopia, written in 1516. In the book, More described a fictional island in the Atlantic Ocean through the character Raphael. On the island everything and everyone has a specific place and purpose. There is no private property, all of the houses on the island are the same; you can walk in the front door, through the house, and out the back door. All necessary items are stored in warehouses, where people onlyRead More Conflict and Harmony in The Tempest Essay1390 Words   |  6 PagesConflict and Harmony in The Tempest   Ã‚  Ã‚   William Shakespeare describes a utopic world saturated with supernatural images and ideas which works to create the mysterious island where The Tempest takes place.   This is one of Shakespeares best examples of how a natural harmony reveals itself through the actions of discourse and confusion.   To illustrate this idea best one must examine the historical context upon which The Tempest is based.   Because this play was published in the early 1600sRead MoreThe Tempest By William Shakespeare1351 Words   |  6 Pagescritique rank’s Shakespeare’s ‘The Tempest’ as one of the most preeminent and descriptive plays addressing the role of colonial power and conquest in literature. One of Shakespeare’s last plays, ‘The Tempest’ explores the direct parallel between the working proletariats and wealthy bourgeois. Therefore the focuses of this paper are the implications of hegemony and class alienation, the commoditization of human subclasses, and the commonalities with â€Å"The Tempest† and Shakespeare’s life. The analysisRead MoreOpposition between Art and Reality in Shakespeares The Tempest1062 Words   |  5 PagesOpposition between Art and Reality in The Tempest      Ã‚  Ã‚   The Tempest is a self-reflexive play that explores the boundaries of art and reality. Shakespeares island is a realm controlled by the artist figure; where the fabulous, the ideal and the imaginative are presented as both illusory and palpable, and where the audience is held in an indeterminate state, a strange repose. The juxtaposition of the world of art with political and social realities explored by representative charactersRead More tempnature Duality Between Nature and Society in Shakespeares The Tempest813 Words   |  4 PagesDuality Between Nature and Society in The Tempest  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   One of the essential themes of The Tempest is the duality between nature and society.   This is made evident through the character of Caliban: the disfigured fish-like creature that inhabits the island upon which the play takes place.   Caliban lacks civility because he was born on the island deprived of any social or spiritual morality other than nature and instinct.   He is literally man untamed.   Caliban is not monstrous simply

Purpose of Education Free Essays

The purpose of education is to give to the body and to the soul all the beauty and all the perfection of which they are capable. † – Plato †¢ â€Å"Education is preparation to live completely. † – Herbert Spencer †¢ â€Å"A complete and generous education fits a man to perform justly, skillfully, and magnanimously all the offices, both public and private, of peace and war. We will write a custom essay sample on Purpose of Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now † – John Milton †¢ â€Å"Education seeks, by social stimulus, guidance, and control, to develop the natural powers of the child, so as to render him able and disposed to lead a healthy, happy, and morally worthy life. – Sully †¢ â€Å"Education is the preparation of the individual for reciprocal union with society; the preparation of the individual so that he can help his fellow-men and in return receive and appreciate their help. † – W. T. Harris †¢ â€Å"Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one. † – Malcolm Forbes †¢ â€Å"It is in fact a part of the function of education to help us escape, not from our own time — for we are bound by that — but from the intellectual and emotional limitations of our time. † – T. S. Eliot †¢ â€Å"Education is simply the soul of a society as it passes from one generation to another. – G. K. Chesterton †¢ à ¢â‚¬Å"Education is the key to unlock the golden door of freedom. † – George Washington Carver †¢ â€Å"Education is the process by which one mind forms another mind, and one heart, another heart. † – Jules Simon †¢ â€Å"A complete education ought to preserve the pupil’s bodily health and strength, and give him command over his mental and muscular powers, increase his quickness and sharpness of perception, form in him the habit of prompt and accurate judgment, lead to delicacy and depth in every right feeling, and make him inflexible in his conscientious and steadfast devotion to all his duties. – Thomas Hill †¢ â€Å"Education is the ability to listen to almost anything without losing your temper or your self-confidence. † – Robert Frost †¢ â€Å"The object of education is to prepare the young to educate themselves throughout their lives. † – Robert M. Hutchins †¢ â€Å"Education is not to reform students or amuse them or to make them expert technicians. It is to unsettle their minds, widen their horizons, inflame their intellects, teach them to think straight, if possible. † – Robert M. Hutchins †¢ â€Å"Education must enable one to sift and weigh evidence, to discern the true from the false, the real from the unreal, and the facts from the fiction. † – Martin Luther King, Jr. †¢ â€Å"We must remember that intelligence is not enough. Intelligence plus character–that is the goal of true education. The complete education gives one not only power of concentration, but worthy objectives upon which to concentrate. † – Martin Luther King, Jr. †¢ â€Å"Education then, beyond all other devices of human origin, is the great equalizer of the conditions of men, the balance-wheel of the social machinery. – Horace Mann †¢ â€Å"An education isn’t how much you have committed to memory, or even how much you know. It’s being able to differentiate between what you do know and what you don’t. † – Anatole France †¢ â€Å"He who opens a school door, closes a prison. † – Victor Hugo †¢ â€Å"The illiterate of the future will not be the person who cannot read. It will be the person who does not know how to learn. † – Alvin Toffler †¢ â€Å"Education is an ornament in prosperity and a refuge in adversity. – Aristotle How to cite Purpose of Education, Essay examples Purpose of Education Free Essays string(206) " critically of educational institutions in her article entitled â€Å"Formulating new criteria for teacher candidate selection† because of their lack of teaching the correct methods that best help students\." John Travolta Earl Sullivan Writing 121 28 February 2013 The Right Path When I first started school I did not understand the purpose of my education. I saw it as another thing I was forced to do. All children are forced to go to school and I think that because we have no choice our childhood image of education ends up blurry. We will write a custom essay sample on Purpose of Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now Generally when people are forced to do something against their will they develop a lack of motivation for the activity. I think this explains why many kids in elementary schools have decided that school is a waste of time and that they don’t enjoy it. Since children are required to attend school up until age 16 in the U. S. many kids don’t realize how lucky they are to be participating in a free education. Young people in other parts of the Earth have to pay thousands of dollars if they want to become educated. These people pay for their education because they understand how much it can positively benefit their lives. I wish I had learned earlier that education is the most important tool for survival. In Earl Shorris’ article entitled â€Å"In the Hands of the Restless Poor† he explains that rich people have been educated by the humanities and the poor people in his class weren’t. Shorris believes that with education in the humanities the students in his class will begin to understand that learning is their best tool for survival, not guns or knives. The purpose of education is surrounded by the need for survival. Over the course of human history many new practices of medicine have been developed. It is essential that people be educated in how to stop bleeding from a wound or how to give someone the heimlich maneuver. If for whatever reason humans need to gather food in the wilderness it is important to know which food is okay to eat and which is poisonous. Many people who are not educated develop obesity because they don’t care about the information they might have heard about the risks of eating unhealthy items like fast food and products containing high fructose corn syrup. Shorris believes that education is essential for helping people get out of poverty. Shorris explains that people who are educated in the humanities have gained leverage over the people who haven’t. I mean that with education in the humanities the people in his class were able to become political. Political in this context means understanding how to communicate with other people for mutual or singular benefit. The people with political minds know how to communicate during an interview so they have a much higher chance of receiving that job. Learning how to be political can help a students experience in school. These students are not embarrassed to ask questions when they don’t understand assignments. I think that Shorris is teaching his readers how to have the confidence to ask teachers, adults, and peers questions. With the ability to ask questions people are able to learn more from their educators because when people are first introduced to a new concept it is difficult to completely understand the idea. The only way to fully comprehend is by asking the right questions. Shorris teaches us that education should be the key to getting out of an impoverished lifestyle. From learning how to ask questions lifelong learners are able to learn even more from their education. Asking questions can clarify understanding and help people understand the full concept. I agree that education should be used as a way to escape from poverty. The only problem with education being an escape route from poverty is that it takes a lot of time and effort before people see any results. Some people in poverty might not see any changes in their lives, money wise, until much later after they graduate from college. Since many teenagers don’t want to wait ten or fifteen years until they graduate from college they turn to gang life. They see gang life as a way to be able to support themselves and their family quickly. The problem with gang life is that the members become trapped by a surround of force. This means that once they are a gang member they have a rough time quitting their gang and adjusting back to civilian life. This is unlike the force that Shorris speaks about relating to being poor because many gang members have lives of luxury. It is related to Shorris’ idea because I imagine that being in a gang is like being on another planet. The gang members see no alternative lifestyle to gangs because many of them will be killed if they try to leave. If gang members leave their gangs they don’t know any alternative to making money besides crime and they have trouble fitting back into society. If they managed to collect any profit from drug money they won’t be able to use most of it because it will be linked to a drug organization. Even though gang life may seem like a shortcut to a rich lifestyle, it will actually take much longer than an education because of the dirty money, chances of a prison sentence, and the high risk of death. With an education, people are able to learn about the world and what it takes to be wealthy without the risk of a person overdosing on heroin that you sold them. For example one might learn in school about non-profit organizations and devote their lives to helping other people get on the right path to success. Earl Shorris made an effort to recruit top notch teachers for his Clemente Classroom. His class was well organized but without great teachers he feared that his students would not benefit from the teaching. He was very fortunate that these teachers decided to volunteer their time. Carol Stevens talks very critically of educational institutions in her article entitled â€Å"Formulating new criteria for teacher candidate selection† because of their lack of teaching the correct methods that best help students. You read "Purpose of Education" in category "Papers" She complains that institutions develop requirements that makes them look better in the public eye, instead they need to develop curriculums that focus on proper techniques that can help individual students more than the collective group. Stevens is focusing on a rush of new teachers being hired in the year 2000, but her article can relate to any hiring process that teaching administrators go through. It is important that we have some of our brightest minds in our country being teachers. A sad fact is that a majority of our very intelligent citizens do not pursue a teaching career because of the low wages. Since we don’t have the smartest of smart being enrolled in teacher education programs at universities, Stevens writes that our programs need to be even more precise so that our incoming teachers fully understand how to positively change their student’s lives. When it boils down to the, basics it is the teacher’s responsibility to educate their students. Whether a teacher succeeds or fails at making a difference depends on the techniques they learned in college. An incorrect teaching method would be an educator who treats their students like they are fused together as one person. Educators like this don’t think about individual students and different methods of teaching. A poor educator will teach one method to the whole class and be surprised when numerous students don’t understand the concepts. Due to poor teacher training a teacher might believe that the problem lies in their student’s intelligence instead of their teaching methods. It t is an educators job to teach the students that education is a key part of survival. It should not be forgotten that no matter how great of an education a teacher has or the advanced teaching methods they use, students in their class will not learn anything if they don’t listen and work hard. It is also every individual’s responsibility to understand that we will not learn if we are not motivated to absorb information. Stevens argues that school districts hiring teachers, and institutions accepting people as education majors have different requirements for being accepted and she says this is a problem because they are viewed as dangers to the overall skill of teachers in America. If we have teachers that aren’t prepared to be teachers then no student will be able to see what education can do for them. Education is supposed to be a ticket to survival. That ticket will not help you if the pilot does not know the proper way to fly the plane. Education should be a key to survival for us and Stevens goes one step further into this theory by making the point that America needs more higher quality teachers if we want our educational system to play an even bigger role in helping our citizens find success. Stevens does not like how only forty-three states in America require potential teachers to take a licensing test. She wants all fifty states to require a test so incoming teachers can prove the knowledge they’ve learned. Stevens believes that teachers are the main people who have the responsibility of educating us and that it is their duty to properly educate us. She believes that an important method of educating students is being able to communicate verbally with them. I think that verbal communication is important because face to face conversations gives students an opportunity to be more personal with their teachers and once a more personal relationship is created, a student will have ask more questions and become motivated to listen to what their teachers have to say. Stevens discusses the advantages of having an organized lesson plan. Without a termly lesson plan a teacher will not be able to properly educate their students because they didn’t plan their class time correctly. With a lack of time, the students will not have a chance to fully understand the more complicated ideas in the classroom. Stevens believes that education needs to be appropriate for age and grade level. This is a problem that many new educators encounter during their first few years of teaching especially if they have chosen to be an elementary teacher or middle school teacher. Proper teaching instruction must be developed by teachers so that the age level they are teaching is able to understand what is going on. If teachers know how to become more personal with their students, have organized lesson plans and use those lesson plans for the age group they are teaching, then education becomes a ticket to survival for their students. With these proper teaching methods the students will be able learn at a good rate and become successful productive members of society. Shorris had great teachers in his Clemente Class and I think if he accepted worse teachers half of the original sixteen people who graduated from the class would have failed the class. I think that recruiting great teachers into that field of employment will help our intelligence as a nation because I believe that a student can become motivated to learn with the help of an educator who invests their time in their students life. I remember in fourth grade I didn’t have very much motivation to excel but when I got to fifth grade a great teacher named Mrs. Kenyon helped me become a better student by being strict. She was strict meaning she cared if we didn’t do our work, she wanted us to excel. She brought out the best student in me by making me work really hard to get the good grades that I wanted. I carried this work ethic through middle school, and picked it back up in college when I began understanding how important my education was. Mrs. Kenyon taught me that education is my ticket to survival, my shot at a life with endless opportunities. If Mrs. Kenyon hadn’t been taught how to communicate with her fifth grade students so well over the course of her life I don’t think that I would have been able to pick up the pieces of my life that I broke during high school. When I had motivation to become educated, I was able to realize how much potential I had. She showed me how much potential I have as a student and as a person. Now in my college days I am learning many things from my new teachers. I don’t think I would understand these great college facts if I hadn’t learned about the knowledgeable rewards I receive when I work hard on my school work. Mrs. Kenyon taught me about the rewards because she learned how to be a great teacher in school. I believe Mrs. Kenyon is the teacher that Carol Stevens is drawing a picture of in her article. How to cite Purpose of Education, Papers

Physical and Mental Health Functioning-Free-Samples for Students

Question: The Role of Self-Efficacy and Gender in Influencing Mental Well-Being among 18-60 age categories of Colombo Suburbs. Answer: Introduction The concept of Albert Banduras self-efficacy is linked with judgments that individuals make concerning their capacity to exhibit conduct applicable to a particular errand or circumstances. It alludes to the confidence in ones capacity to act in such a route or to deliver a desirable outcome (Bandura, 1977). Self-efficacy has various sorts of effects on how individuals feel, think and act. Self efficacy relates to hopeful conviction about having the capacity to adapt to an assortment of stressors. Self- efficacy is characterized as self-assessment of one's capability to effectively execute a strategy important to achieve wanted results. (Zimmerman, 2000) argues that it is a multi-dimensional construct that differentiates between demands (Siddiqui 2015). Selfefficacy pertains to optimistic belief about being able to cope up with a variety of stressors. People with high Self- Efficacy choose to perform more challenging and difficult tasks. Those who have low levels of Self-efficacy may brush with depression, anxiety and helplessness. People with high levels of self-efficacy on the other hand, approach life with a can do attitude that allows them to see challenges as problems to be solved instead of threats that must be avoided. They also set appropriately challenging goals for themselves and maintain a strong commitment to those goals. People with strong SelfEfficacy enjoy life because they are highly engaged. When they encounter stressful situations their belief in their ability to manage situations to their benefit allows self confidence (Siddiqui 2015). However, individuals feeling low levels of self-efficacy may be worried about discouragement, nervousness and weaknesses. They approach existence with a cant do mentality that causes them to consider difficulties to be dangers that one must maintain a strategic distance from rather than issues to be tackled and eliminated. High self-efficacy is identified with positive prosperity, direction of stress, higher confidence, better physical condition, as well as better adjustment to and recuperation from diseases says(Bandura, 1997; Bisschop, Knegsman, Beekman, Deeg, 2004; Kuijer de Ridder, 2003). In contrast, low self-efficacy is identified with more side effects of nervousness and depression (Faure Loxton, 2003; Kashdan Roberts, 2004; Shnek, Irvine, Stewart, Abbey, 2001) and additionallybrings down levels of Mental Well- Being(Barlow, Wright, Cullen, 2002; Bandura, Caprara, Barbaranelli, Gerbino, Pastorelli, 2003; Caprara, 2002). (Siddiqui 2015). Mental Well Being Mental Well Being is a subjective sentiment control joy fulfilment with life encounters ones part in the realm of work, feeling of accomplishment, utility ,belongingness, and no pain , areas or stress and so forth. It has been demonstrated that different variables influence adolescents level of mental well being. Mental well being to some degree is a pliant idea which is the sentiment individuals regular day to day existence exercises such emotions may go negative mental state or mental strains, for example, nervousness, articulation, disappointment ,passionate, fatigue ,misery, disappointment to a state which has been recognized as positive psychological wellness. (Bornstein, Davidson, Keyes, and Moore 2003) characterized prosperity as "the condition of fruitful execution for the duration of the life course incorporating psychical, psychological, and socio-emotional capacities that outcomes in. Mental well being is defined as a state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential to cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community (WHO,2017) There are existing gaps in local literature regarding the roles of self-efficacy and gender in enhancing psychological wellbeing. As well as in the current society it is evident that there are various problems based on education, in the work place etc, due to people being unhappy. Past studies have demonstrated a strong association between self-efficacy with factors such suicidal ideation, depression and others. These are the factors that govern ones mental well being. However, there have been limited studies done on how self- efficacy could act as a predictor of mental well being; therefore there is a little understanding about self- efficacy and mental well-being in the Sri-Lankan context. Objectives of the Study General Objective To determine the role of Self- Efficacy and gender in influencing Mental Well-Being among age category of 18 to 60 years in the Colombo suburbs. Specific Objective To determine the degree to which Self Efficacy and gender could predict Mental Well-Being among the age groups of 18 to 60 years in the Colombo suburbs. To determine the applicability of the two constructs, self- efficacy and mental well being in the Sri Lankan context. To describe some factors associated with mental wellbeing among the age groups years in the Colombo suburbs. Research Question Is there a relationship between self-efficacy and gender in influencing mental well being in adults? Hupothesis of the Study H1 (Alternate Hypothesis): There is a statistical significant interaction between self-efficacy and gender in influencing mental well being. H0 (Null Hypothesis): There is no statistical significant interaction between self-efficacy and gender in influencing mental well being. Literature Review A literature review is a written argument that promotes a position by building a case from credible evidence based on previous research to address the research question at hand. It helps us analyze the current information available on a particular area of study, gathers questions that the research under scrutiny did not give answers to and also allows one to formulate the need and importance for extended study of research questions. A literature review is a journey made through an ongoing research and is done by first constructing the research question to be addressed. One then sifts through literature bodies for relevant articles and information and handles the results obtained to finally synthesize the research literature and write an assessment of this literature. In doing so, one gains an invaluable understanding of the study that gives deeper insight as you continue to rethink, refine and re-evaluate your review before presenting the final outcome (Guides.library.harvard.edu, 20 17). Mental Wellbeing Psychological Well-Being is a way of describing the important sides to human functioning varying from positive relationships, to feelings of competence, to having meanings and purposes of an individuals life (Diener et al, 2010). Mental wellbeing can also defined as a subjective feeling of containment happiness satisfaction with life experiences ones role in the world of work, sense of achievement, utility, belongingness, and no distress, sections or worry (Shek, 1997; SastreFerriere, 2000; VanWel, LinssenAbma, 2000). Mental well being is somewhat malleable concept which is the feeling of peoples everyday life activities such feelings may range negative mental state or psychological strains such as anxiety, expression, frustration, emotional exhaustion, unhappiness, dissatisfaction to a state which has been identified as positive mental health (Jahoda ,1958). As stated by Colvin, Randall and Block (1994), mental wellbeing is often referred to the process of adaptation in terms of extensive and inclusive mental growth. Doornbos, (2002) mentions that the mental health to a great extent is determined by the reality as because the reality is considered to be a critical component of the mental health. Therefore, the reality plays an important role in determining the mental wellbeing of the person (Achat, Helen, et al, 2000; Schore, 2001). It needs to be understand that this concept of reality being a major determinates of the mental wellbeing is only effective for the adolescent as because this is the age of growing (Lieberman and Alicia, 2004). The mental health is developed in this age as the result of being in close connection with the reality the wellbeing of mental health is immensely influenced by the same (Soysa, Champika and Wilcomb, 2015; Turner, Jay and Brown, 2010). Self efficacy and gender A recent study conducted in a Muslim community in India describes the gender as an essential perspective for investigation since, most males are thought to be unrivalled and while females are usually seen as inferior. Due to the stigma of women being inferior they may have found to have low self-efficacy than those men (Siddiqui 2015). The present investigation was carried out to study the impact of Self-efficacy on Psychological Well-being among undergraduate students. The sample consisted of 100 (50 Male and 50 Female) students selected from the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. In order to collect the requisite data, General Self-Efficacy Scale (S. Sud, Schwarzer and Jerusalum 1995) and mental Well-being (Carol Ryff 1989) was used to study the mentioned problem Simple Linear Regression was used analysis impact the self efficacy on mental well being among undergraduate students. The findings of the present study show that, correlation between Self-efficacy and Mental Well-being among Male students was found R = .596 and actual contribution of predictor variable to criterion variable was found to be 35.6% whereas among Female students correlation between Self-efficacy and Mental Well-being was found R = .551 and actual contribution of predictor variable to criterion variable was found to be 30.4%. Further t-test was applied and according, to the results Self-efficacy as well as Psychological Well-being of both groups, found to have an insignificant difference between Self- Efficacy of Male and Female students and a significant difference was found between Mental Well Being of both groups (Siddiqui, 2015) A study done in Poland explores the relationships between psychological variables/models such as health behaviors (HB), sense of coherence (SOC), level of optimism (LOO), and self-efficacy (SE) among college students. The random sample of 455 undergraduate students was taken from five different faculties. The results indicate statistically significant differences (p0.001) between these four variables: for example, the healthier health behaviours the stronger the sense of coherence, level of optimism and self-efficacy. It was also demonstrated that LOO, SOC, SE, and HB correlate with one another (Fergusson et al. 2005) Another research on the impact of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy on the mental health was conducted in Kurukshetra University, India among 200 students (100 males and 100 female) (Gupta, Garima, and Kumar, 2010). In regard to this, it must be noted that the students were from arts and science background which was an appropriate and fine contextual background for understating the role of reality on the mental well-being. The result was significant in terms of identifying the different of the self-efficacy and emotional intelligence of the students of different streams in relation to the mental wellbeing. The result shows two results, one of which differentiate the mental health in terms of gender and other differentiates in terms of the reality. The first result shows that the mental health of male is better that the females in terms of self-efficacy as the values shows malefemale = 90.9781.35. on the other hand, the values for the total mental health marks malefemale = 159. 87149.91. Another result of the research shows that the mental health of the science and arts students does not significantly differ in terms of the self-efficacy. Self efficacy and mental wellbeing Self- efficacy has been observed to be connected with academic accomplishment and performances (Salami Ogundokun, 2009). People endeavor to feel good even when theyre aware of their own restrictions (self-acknowledgment), try to create and keep up warm and confide in interpersonal relationships (constructive relations with others), attempt to deal with their condition in order to address individual issues and desires(environmental mastery); also, people search for a sense self-assurance and individual authority (autonomy), discovering importance in one's endeavors and difficulties (reason in life); finally, people tend to look for their talents and limits (self-awareness) (Salami Ogundokun, 2009). Literature shows impacts of socio-demographic factors, for example, age and sex in the measurements of Psychological Well-Being (Clarke et al., 2000; Keyes Ryff, 1998; Marmot et al., 1998; Ryff Singer, 1996). Environmental mastery and autonomy tends to rise with age particularly from midlife to grown-ups (Ryff 1989). In contrast, it was discovered that that women of any age esteemed themselves higher on positive relations with others and personal growth. Psychological Well-Being and Self-efficacy have been appeared to foresee understudies' educational performances and achievement (Ryff and Singer 1996). In this, regard it needs to be mentioned that the early childhood of peoples life cycle plays a vital role in determining the mental health of them Umberson, Debra, et al, (1996). The initial days of childhood is important stage of developing the mental health of people. In accordance to Doornbos, (2002), it must be marked that most of the children tend to develop feminine mental heal th as due to the matriarchal take care of them. However, the boys break this feminine mental health and establish a masculine identity with the growth whereas the mental health of girls are encouraged. This process of growing up of the girls creates problems for them in their adulthood in terms of the separation from any of the close family members. However, in regard to impact of self-efficacy, many researchers provide evidence about, students who expressed high amounts of self-efficacy and mental well-being were roused to take an interest in important academic activities and to create uplifting mentalities that prompted accomplishment at school (Ozer and Bandura, 1990; Lyubomirsky, 2001; Khramtsova et al., 2007) and were high likely going to perform well in their academic goals (Zimmerman, Bandura, and Martinez-Pons, 1992). Besides, students who saw themselves as exceptionally proficient in school setting were likely going to create positive attitudes towards the learning of subjects. Students with high mental well being and life fulfillment were observed to be more adaptable, versatile, and effective in critical thinking and were more dedicated to their academic goal (Pajares and Schunk, 2001; Salami, 2010). An Italian study conducted in adolescents to analyze the relationship between generalized self-efficacy and psychological well-being in highly vs. lowly efficient students using the Generalized Self-efficacy Scale (GSES) and the short version of Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB) determine the positive relationships between GSES and PWB, especially with mastery, personal growth, and self-acceptance. For age, except for the autonomy, the highest scores of personal growth, relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance were obtained by 16yrs adolescents, while the lowest scores were reached by 14yrs and 18yrs adolescents. Results also showed that boys expressed greater GSES and PWB than girls specifically, mastery and self-acceptance again emphasizing the importance of the role of gender and self efficacy in influencing mental wellbeing. Additionally, highly efficient adolescents expressed higher scores in PWB, especially in mastery, personal growth, and self-acceptance, than lowly efficient ones. (Caroli and Sagone, 2014). The social-cognitive hypothesis, desires assume an essential part in forming conduct, objectives and general human functions. Both self-efficacy and optimism desires are identified with processing and wellbeing. High self-efficacy is connected, for instance, to the direction of the anxiety procedure, to higher self-esteem, better Mental Well-Being, better physical condition, better adjustment to and recovery from intense and chronic ailments (Bandura, 1997; Bisschop, Knegsman, Beekman, and Deeg, 2004; Kuijer and de Ridder, 2003). Literature shows that low self-efficacy is identified with more side effects of anxiety and depression (Faure and Loxton, 2003; Kashdan and Roberts, 2004; Shnek, Irvine, Stewart, and Nunnery, 2001), and to bring down levels of subjective well-being (Barlow, Wright, and Cullen, 2002; Bandura, Capr-ara, Barbaranelli, Gerbino, and Pastorelli, 2003; Caprara, 2002). At the same time, social integration and the social support has been connected with the mental hea lth. Umberson, Debra, et al, (1996), opines that social support positively is associated with the mental health of the people, the gender plays a significant role in differentiating the mental wellbeing and mental growth of the people, specially within the elderly people. However, Turner, Jay and Brown (2010) argues that the social support creates almost similar effects on both the women and men in terms of impacting the level of depression. For example, the married people tend to reflect better and stronger mental health compared to the widowed or divorced as because the key to social integration is missing for the latter groups. In regard to this, Cohen, Sheldon and Wills, (1985). mentioned that depression is one of the significant factors for the determination of the self-efficacy and accordingly the mental health. Hastings, Richard and Brown (2002) found from one research that the college students alone as well as in group exhibit depression when self-efficacy inversely predicts the same. However, Kawachi, Ichiro and Berkman (1985) marks that self-efficacy and gender do not contribute significant variance in the prediction of depression. Optimism has a relationship with health and wellbeing. Various research studies have discovered that optimism altogether predicts a few parts of mental well-being (Chang and Sanna, 2001; Diener, Oishi, and Lucas, 2003; Eid and Diener, 2004; Makikangas and Kinnunen, 2003). Optimism is contrarily identified with depressive symptomatology both in the all-inclusive community (Vickers and Vogeltanz, 2000) and in populations with different unending conditions, for example, cardio-vascular diseases (Shnek et al., 2001). Some of the scholars argues over the topic and they consider optimisms to be the marker for inadequate neuroticism and more generally negative emotion (Smith, et al., 1989; Colvin, Randall and Block, 1988). In accordance to this views, optimism can be associated with the mental health status as it exhibits a disposition which is free from cognition and negative emotions (Taylor and Brown, 1988; Scheier, Michael and Carver, 1985). It is likewise a noteworthy indicator of phys ical and mental working in patients experiencing different medicinal conditions (Carver et al., 1993; Fournier, de Ridder, and Bensing, 2002). Optimism has been observed to be connected to functioning and wellbeing both directly and indirectly that implies, e.g., of affectivity or self-esteem (Chang and Sanna, 2001; Symister and Friend, 2003). Apart from this, Positive thinkers appear to utilize more issue centred coping techniques and more powerful methods for emotional regulation, both of which add to better functioning (Taylor and Armor, 1996). Studies describes that social help is an associated factor for mental well being in addition to depression (Kahn, Hessling, and Russell, 2003; Mikulincer and Florian, 1998;Sayal et al., 2002). It is proven that people with more strong families or companions have a healthy wellbeing status and they recovery process is faster from medical issues, contrasted with people who are less socially coordinated (Hogan, Lin-cave, and Najarian 2002; Rhodes 2004). Social support appears to apply effect on wellbeing both specifically and in a roundabout way through certain cognitive systems, coping strategies, and health behaviours (Cohen and Wills, 1985; Davis and Swan, 1999; Wills and Fegan, 2001). Self-efficacy, optimism and social support have been consistently related to health and functioning. Considering the impact of self-efficacy on the mental health, the following study conducted in Greece tests specific hypothesis: self-efficacy expectations, as a representation of a capable self and perceived social support, as a representation of a helpful world, shape optimism which is an outcome expectation. Satisfaction with life and depressive symptomatology both served as indicators of well-being. Two Hundred and One individuals participated in the study. The hypothesis was tested through structural equation modelling. Six different models with optimism, self-efficacy and social support as possible mediators were consecutively tested and compared. According to only model that provided fit to the data, optimism partially mediates the relation of self-efficacy and perceived social support to well-being (Scheier, Michael and Carver, 1985). Optimism was predicted by daily emotional support and self-efficacy. The results showed that there is a significant difference between self -efficacy and depression; mental well being and depression; optimism has a partial relationship with self-efficacy; spirituality, self-efficacy, age, and gender significantly influenced psychological wellbeing (Karademas, 2006). According to the few studies on the self-efficacy and optimism as the impact of the same on the mental health of the people, it is suggested that the mental health outcomes are relatively sparse (Achat, Helen, et al, 2000). On the other hand, as stated by Taylor, Shelley and Brown (1988) there has been certain impact of the stressor on the optimism and further on the mental health. For example, one of the major stressor is illness which often produce additional stressor for the mental health such as the financial concerns, job loss and many others (Colvin, Randall and Block, 1994). Consequently, the level of optimisms is influenced by these primary as well as ad ditional stressors and eventually leads to the mental health breakdown (Soysa, Champika, and Wilcomb, 2015). A cross sectional study was conducted to measure whether coping self efficacy mediates between various distress related variables on the other hands (symptoms of depression), and the degree of psycho-social well being as measured on the upper end of the mental health continuum on the other hand. The study states that coping up with normal stressors in life do not have a good outcome/ result. Several factors such as culture, self-esteem, self efficacy are believed to play a role in coping stressors. In order, for the collection of data a cross-sectional survey design was conducted from four groups of participants. Two multi-cultural groups English proficient individuals were selected in order to conduct the study. Statistical analysis that was used to in order to measure the above measures were done through the descriptive statistical method. The results showed that coping self-efficacy mediated significantly between distress and wellbeing, although stressors also influenced the level of psychosocial wellbeing directly. Therefore, since the results show that there is a correlation between self-efficacy, distress and other factors it can be concluded that self-efficacy can be a predictor of mental well being. Several, limitations of the study were gathered. The student group was not random sampling, it was availability samples however, the results had the same effect (Wissing et al., 2011). A study conducted to examine the effects of self-esteem, psychological Well-Being, emotional self-efficacy and affect balance variables on happiness including 340 university students in Turkey. The relationships between the variables were examined via path analysis and came out positive and significant relationship between mental well-being, emotional self-efficacy and affect balance; and that mental well-being and affect balance have positive effects on self-esteem and happiness, emotional self-efficacy has a positive effect on self-esteem and that self-esteem has a positive effect on happiness. (Dogan, Totan and Sapmaz 2013). The following shows the relationships of all these variables were observed through the path analysis method, which was best described by a hypothesis model (Dogan, Totan and Sapmaz, 2013). Figure 1. Hypothesis model for the effects of Self-esteem, psychological well-being, emotional self-efficacy, and affect balance on happiness At this point when the hypothesis model of the study is analyzed, it is expected that there will be sure connections between Psychological Well-Being, emotional Self-Efficacy and effect balance and that these three factors will positively affect confidence and that moreover, psychological well-being, affect balance and confidence will have a positive effect on happiness. Another presumption is that emotional self-efficacy won't directly affect self-esteem; in any case it will indirectly affect happiness by method for self-esteem. While in the model it displays psychological well-being, emotional self-efficacy and affect balance are exogenous factors, self-esteem and happiness are endogenous factors. (Dogan, Totan and Sapmaz, 2013) As indicated by the outcomes, happiness has been emphatically and essentially related with psychological well-being, emotional self- efficacy, affect balance and self- esteem. Also, positive and noteworthy connections have been computed between psychological well- being and emotional self-efficacy, affect balance and self- esteem whereas positive and huge connections have been ascertained between affects balance and self-esteem. The significant relationship amongst these factors and the elevated amounts of internal consistency coefficients were acknowledged to be signifiers of adequacy for the pathway analysis and in this way the analysis was done.(Dogan, Totan and Sapmaz, 2013). On the other hand, the structuralist researchers argue that different structure of male and female in the society are linked with differ opportunities, demands ad constraints which are influential to the diverse relationships (Umberson, Debra, et al, 1996; Colvin, Randall and Block, 1994). Considering this f act, it can also be liked with the gender differentiations. For example, in terms of the social reward men and women are provided with different pays for the same role, which can be an influential factor for the mental wellbeing. Schore, (2001), states that, this can be the result for the men in possessing more confident than women in the same social context and for same responsibilities. Mental well-being, emotional self-efficacy and affect balance; and that mental well-being and affect balance have positive effects on self-esteem and happiness, emotional self-efficacy has a positive effect on self-esteem and that self-esteem has a positive effect on happinesshence, due to these studies have a correlation between one another this study is done to investigate and demonstrate whether there is a relationship between self-efficacy and mental well being. (Dogan, Totan and Sapmaz, 2013) Figure 2. Result of path analysis regarding the effects of Self-esteem, psychological well- being, emotional self-efficacy, and affect balance on happiness In result of the path analysis for the hypothesis model, it was resolved that there are noteworthy and positive connections between psychological well-being, emotional self-efficacy and affect balance and that psychological well- being and affect balance have positive results on self-esteem and happiness, emotional self efficacy has positive effects on self esteem and self esteem has positive effects on happiness. It was concluded as a result of path analysis that the ways amongst endogenous and exogenous factors are significant. (Dogan, Totan and Sapmaz, 2013) References: Achat, Helen, et al. "Optimism and depression as predictors of physical and mental health functioning: the Normative Aging Study."Annals of Behavioral Medicine22.2 (2000): 127-130. Cohen, Sheldon, and Thomas A. Wills. 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